Late submissions are no longer accepted except for the extreme circumstance of presenting last minute, groundbreaking research. Superconducting electric machines are electromechanical systems that rely on the use of one or more superconducting elements. Stator design and performance of superconducting motors. In some implementations, the hts ni coil magnets can have a graded resistance design. National aeronautics and space administration preliminary. The discovery of hightemperature superconductors hts in 1986 provided an. The axial flux motor design for examples, see 14,15, in general, provides higher torquepower density than other motor designs 15, and the use of superconductors is expected to improve these advantages even further. In the following sections the low fidelity models will be discussed in the context of the axial flux air core dual rotor rim drive for x57 design case study. Reduce fuel use and emissions of biggest aircraft segment key technologies. Index terms aircraft, electric propulsion, superconducting motor.
A portable power system has a turbine engine generating mechanical energy. In the paper the design and test of an ironless axial flux permanent magnet motor are presented. Find materials for this course in the pages linked along the left. Design of axial and radial flux hts permanent magnet synchronous motors rotor article in ieee transactions on applied superconductivity 203. Abstractthe development of cryogenic technology and high temperature superconducting hts materials has seen continued interest worldwide in the development of hts machines since the late 1980s. Design and fem analysis of a high efficiency axialflux. This paper presents the design and optimization of a superconductor induction motor in axial flux configuration, using hts bscco2223 tapes. This paper deals with the design and performance analysis of a new onwheel induction motor drive for an experimental electric vehicle.
In order to evaluate the a loss of superconducting stator windings in a rotational machine environment, we designed and built a novel axial flux high temperature superconducting hts machine platform. This concept utilizes a distributed propulsion system with six electric fans. National aeronautics and space administration preliminary design of the superconducting rotor for nasas highefficiency megawatt motor 2 motivation starcabl reduced energy consumption, emissions, and noise of commercial transport aircraft 1 electrified aircraft propulsion eap enables systemlevel benefits to these metrics. The homopolar electrical machine has a single stationary superconducting field coil configured to create a magnetic field. Large capacity hts motors can be used on warships and merchant vessels for electric propulsion jun, z. In most of the new more electric aircraft applications, bldc motor needs to.
Electromagnetic design of a superconducting electric. In 5 a multidisc axial flux permanent magnet motor rated 1. The algorithm contains rfpm motors rated output values, material. Design of axial and radial flux hts permanent magnet. The permanent magnet used is ndfeb or ferrite magnet with flux guide to focus flux density in the air gap. The goal of the university of tennessee team was to design the aircraft to maximize the highest possible score.
Choi1, keith hunker2, jason hartwig3, and gerald v. A homopolar electrical machine receives this energy. Experimental data show that one single domain ybco pellets could trap up to 17 t at 29 k, which enables the design of very high power density motors that could be used in aircraft propulsion. Background and issues for congress summary the navy in january 2000 selected electricdrive propulsion technology for use on its planned nextgeneration dd21 landattack destroyer and is considering it for use on other kinds of navy ships as well. A hypersonic aircraft having a homopolar motor with high temperature superconducting hts noninsulated ni coil magnets is described. The columbiaclass submarine, formerly known as the ohio replacement submarine and ssbnx future followon submarine, is an upcoming class of nuclear submarines designed to replace the ohioclass ballistic missile submarines in the united states navy. Fully superconducting machine for electric aircraft. High power density superconducting motor for allelectric aircraft propulsion article pdf available in ieee transactions on applied superconductivity 152.
In this design, the rotor with composite rim acts as the flywheel of the system and is sandwiched between two disk type stators which are made of amorphous metal to reduce iron losses. Modeling and dynamics of hts motors for aircraft electric propulsion. Electric drive poses issues for congress concerning its costs, benefits and risks, and how the. Assessment of high temperature superconducting hts electric motors for rotorcraft propulsion. Axial flux motor technology ideal topology for hybrid powertrain integration michael u lamperth, adam c malloy, adrian mlot, mark cordner gkn evo edrive systems ltd, unit 14, woking business park, woking gu21 5jy, u. Hts motor design motor designs use hts components wound coils of hts tape. The mission requirement was to design an electric motor powered, radio controlled aircraft capable of carrying multiple payload configurations for the aiaa designlbuildlfly 20072008 competition.
Safety torque generation in hts propulsion motor for general aviation aircraft ieee transactions on applied superconductivity. Modeling and dynamics of hts motors for aircraft electric. Although still many years away, electric aircraft may be an attractive. Basically, the design of this machine is similar to conventionalelectric motor. A new hts dual stator linear permanent magnet vernier. Uapt hts machine developmentuapt hts machine development hts motor sizing model system studies electromagnetic model thermal model global optimization power rpm material optimization constraints 20 40 60 80 100 k 250 500 750 1250 1500 best statesweight minimum weight or volume hts motor design general aviationhale roasmall jet all. Pdf development of allelectric aircraft would enable more efficient, quieter and environmentally friendly vehicles and would contribute to the. Design and test of an ironless axial flux permanent magnet. Axial ux pm bldc motor design methodology and comparison with. Design of hts axial flux motor for aircraft propulsion article pdf available in ieee transactions on applied superconductivity 172. Studies of alternative epp contrarotating arrangements have also been carried out whereby the propeller blades are mounted directly to the rotor casing of a highspeed double rotor, axialflux permanent magnet pm motor 10.
Zhou et al an overview of rotating machine systems with hightemperature bulk superconductors in supercond. Us20190009902a1 hypersonic aircraft having homopolar. Luongodesign of hts axial flux motor for aircraft propulsion. Luongo ca 2005 high power density superconducting motor for allelectric aircraft propulsion. Axial flux motor for aircraft propulsion, ieee transactions on applied superconductivity, vol. Sorry, we are unable to provide the full text but you may find it at the following locations. Ping umpedac, engineering tower, university of malaya, kuala lumpur, malaysia abstractthe design process of a doublesided slotted torus axial.
This airplane design, as shown in figure 2, calls for a 2. The axial flux motor design for examples, see 14,15, in general, provides higher torquepower density than other motor designs 15, and the use of superconductors is expected to. In order to evaluate the a loss of superconducting stator windings in a rotational machine environment, we designed and built a novel axialflux high temperature superconducting hts machine platform. The proposed propulsion system includes two axial flux induction motors, where the rotating part of each motor is fitted into the wheel rim and the stationary part is mounted on the frame structure of the vehicle. Design of hts axial flux motor for aircraft propulsion ieee xplore. An axialgap type synchronous rotating machine, composed of a flux rotor. Magnetless machine, axialflux machine, hybrid excitation machine, dualmode machine, superconducting machine, magnetic gear, faulttolerant control renewable energy systems wind power generation, wave power generation, solar power generation electromechanical propulsion technologies. Axial flux motor technology ideal topology for hybrid. Review of electric power system of distributed electric propulsion aircraft kong xianghao, zhang zhuoran, lu jiawei, li jincai, yu li centre for moreelectricaircraft power system of ministry of industry and information technology, nanjing university of aeronautics and astronautics, nanjing 210016, china. Pdf design of hts axial flux motor for aircraft propulsion.
Axial flux, modular, permanentmagnet generator with a. Next generation moreelectric aircraft superconductivity news. Superconducting ac homopolar machines for highspeed. A high efficiency axial flux brushless dc motor assisted by self axial magnetic bearing and used in flywheel energy storage system is proposed in this paper. A homopolar rotor is configured to rotate within the magnetic field such that a rotating magnetic field is created in a stationary winding by. Design of hts axial flux motor for aircraft propulsion pj masson, m breschi, p tixador, ca luongo ieee transactions on applied superconductivity 17 2, 15331536, 2007. Development of axial flux hts induction motors sciencedirect. Concept design of a high power superconducting generator for.
Selection of the optimum electric motor for space flight operations results in a safe, reliable, effective, efficient and economical electric motor power source for space flight. Optimized design of a brushless dc permanent magnet motor for. The detailed technical program can be accessed via the timetable views on the left. Highspeed axial flux permanent magnet micromotors with electroplated windings florian herrault, preston galle, and mark g. Electric propulsion components with high power densities for. The launch vehicle must also be reliable because the payload is expensive. Bulk high temperature superconducting hts materials, such as ybco pellets, have the capacity of trapping magnetic flux thus behaving as.
Hts machines for applications in allelectric aircraft. Us20070085427a1 superconducting homopolar inductor. The energy source is the combustion of a fuel carried onboard with oxygen in the air, but it might also be solar power or nuclear power. P j masson panel session pes general meeting 2007, tampa, fl towards electric aircraft propulsiontowards electric aircraft propulsion 1974 1980 1994 2000 halsol gossamer penguin. Design and construction in axial magnetic flux configuration are a new alternative to develop hts motors. Design of an axial flux machine for an inwheel motor application. Mw electric motor for aircraft propulsion put into operation in january 2015 electric motor performance successfully tested at a continuous mechanical power of 261 kw at 2500 rpm excellent thermal behavior motor can drive propeller directly without gearbox motor was developed for aircraft application. The machine requirements and drive constraints power, speed, diameter, available bus voltage are used to size the motor. Bulk high temperature superconducting hts materials, such as ybco pellets, have the capacity of trapping magnetic flux thus behaving as permanent magnets.
Design and development of a highspeed axial flux permanentmagnet machine. Optimization of an air core dual halbach array axial flux. Zarko the results presented in 3 which indicate that the straight tooth design yields lower mass of the motor. Design and implementation of axial flux induction motor. Hts motor design general aviationhale roasmall jet allelectric aircraft propulsion. Static measurements on hts coils of fully superconducting ac electric machines for aircraft electric propulsion system benjamin b. Brushless dc motor with axial flux design design world.
A modular permanentmagnet generator with axial flux direction was chosen. This research will explain about the mechanical, electrical design and implementation of the axial fluxinduction motor that consists of single stator and single rotor. For the purpose of this study, the nasa n3x aircraft concept is selected as baseline configuration, where the different propulsion designs are tested. To meet the market demand with an attractive costbenefit ratio, dunkermotoren has developed a new axial flux motor design with stacked windings. Experimental validation of a conduction cooled hts motor. Ieee transactions on applied superconductivity, 17 2007, pp. The rotor consists of racetrack coils wound using gdbco wire, which is cooled.
Due to heavy cooling penalty, a losses in the hts stator, is one of the key topics in hts machine design. The ironless design concept offers the advantage of zero cogging torque resulting in vibrationfree operation inherent in ironcore designs. The most important parameter that is of utmost interest in superconducting machine is the generation of a very high magnetic field that is not possible in a conventional machine. Design of hts axial flux motor for aircraft propulsion. Hts axial flux, 191 hts disc type, 189, 196 hts homopolar, 200 hts induction, 192. Full text of aircraft propulsion 2ed internet archive.
Static measurements on hts coils of fully superconducting ac. The rotor design consists of optimizing the airgap length and determining magnet dimensions. Development of a 8 kw hts axial flux machine for electric aircraft. Luongo, scaling up of hts motor based on trapped flux and flux concentration for large aircraft propulsion. In most of the new more electric aircraft applications, bldc motor needs to be driven from 300 or 600 vdc bus. Design and development of a highspeed axial flux permanentmagnet machine citation for published version apa. High power density superconducting rotating machines. Electrical evaluation and results in geometries of 4, 6, and 8 poles of an ironless stator are. Welcome to the th biennial european conference on applied superconductivity, eucas 2017, organized under the auspices of esas, the european society for applied superconductivity.
The armature of a typical dc motor the article how electric motors work explains how brushed motors work. The axial flux motor design for examples, see 17,18, in general, provides higher torquepower density than other motor designs 18, and the use of superconductors is expected to improve these advantages even further 16. The first submarine is scheduled to begin construction in 2021 and enter service in 2031. It has been shown that the axial flux design with the airgap concentrated second harmonic windings has a 10 % lower mass than a radial flux machine. Design of a highforcedensity tubular motor, ieee transactions on. Axial flux configuration trapped flux magnets ybco small jet. A slightly different design of a hts motor for cessna 172sp optimized in terms of power density is presented in 7. Allen school of electrical and computer engineering, georgia institute of technology, atlanta, georgia, usa abstract this paper reports the design and microfabrication of electro. Brown4 national aeronautics and space adminstration, glenn research center, cleveland, ohio, 445. In a typical dc motor, there are permanent magnets on the outside and a spinning armature on the inside. A case study of a 450 kw hts axial flux configuration has also been made 9. In this study, the axial flux machine design is assumed to utilise high temperature superconductors in. Axial flux induction motor for onwheel drive propulsion.
Brushless direct current motors provide the lightest weight alternative for most applications. Due to the high rotor speed and high frequency of the stator flux variation, the design of a highspeed machine is quite different from designing a conventional machine with low speed and low frequency 11. As the study focuses on performance assessment of the propulsion system, sizing implication issues and aircraft performance installations effects have not been included in the analysis. Recent advances in superconducting rotating machines. Detailed designs of these variations can be found in. A second application is machines which act as both motor and generator integrated with highspeed. Dodds, hts electrical system for a distributed propulsion aircraft, ieee trans. Concept design of a high power superconducting generator for future hybridelectric aircraft mykhaylo filipenko1, lars kuhn1, thomas gleixner1, martin thummet1, marc lessmann1, dirk moller1, matthias bohm1, andreas schroter1. Future fuels and energy sources are introduced in a separate chapter. First, power can be generated by a conventional gas turbine and converted into electrical energy in an hts generator, which in turn is used to power a controlled hts motor driving a propeller. Methodology to assess the performance of an aircraft. Fem analysis is one of the most powerful approaches for precise design and modelling of electrical machines. The version of the design code presented in this paper combines low fidelity motor, fan, and electric aircraft range models to tailor a propulsion system design to a given aircraft. Optimized design of a brushless dc permanent magnet motor.
Design of hts axial flux motor for aircraft propulsion ieee transactions on applied superconductivity. Therefore, this research proposes an axial flux induction motor consists of thinstator and rotor. Design of hts axial flux motor for aircraft propulsion core. Oct 04, 2017 tailcone thruster propulsion tailcone motor thruster concept 150 passenger plane with two turbines and 2. For a conventional stator copper windings axial flux superconducting machine, there are two. One typical application powers electric aircraft propulsion fans with energy generated from onboard generators directly coupled to highspeed gas turbines 8. Experimental validation of a conduction cooled hts motor jules e. Aircraft propulsion systems can benefit from electric hts machines in. Taking advantage of moving within a fluid, aircraft propulsion is achieved by airbreathing engines, i. Promising technologies in propulsion and energy sources are identified leading to pathways to sustainable aviation. In 7, moon et al report the design, fabrication and preliminary tests of a megawattclass 2g hts motor, designed specifically for ship propulsion, at doosan heavy industries and construction. The design examples of hts motordrive aircraft that were. Pdf high power density superconducting motor for all.
Study of an axial flux disc motor with superconductor rotor. For a conventional stator copper windings axialflux superconducting machine, there are two. In this paper, the authors present a conceptual design of a 2. Aircraft electrical propulsion iii wednesday, 12 july 2017 1530 hrs. In some implementations, the hts ni coil magnets can include a series of stacked coils, each of the series of coils comprising multiple turns having turntoturn resistance. Magnetic flux distribution in the axial type super motor for currents of 0 and 400 a, where 90 turnssection. Design of permanent magnet motor basic sizing equations are used to develop an algorithm in matlab that calculates axial ux motor main dimensions under the maximum power density conditions, changing the innertoouter diameter ratio for.
Hts propulsion motor for general aviation aircraft, ieee. Design and development of a highspeed axialflux permanent. Aircraft propulsion systems can benefit from electric hts machines in two distinct ways. This master thesis deals with the design of an axial. Optimized design of a brushless dc permanent magnet motor for propulsion of an ultra light aircraft m. Axial flux bldc motors, in general, and ironless axial flux bldc motors, in particular, come with very low inductance owing to this, they need special care to limit the magnitude of ripple current in motor winding. Assessment of high temperature superconducting hts. A novel hts pm vernier motor for directdrive propulsion. Hts propulsion motors, ieee transactions on applied superconductivity, 27 4, 5203005. Concept design of a high power superconducting generator. The axial and radial induction factors satisfy the following. Ideally, the design team wants the launch vehicle to create little or no vibrations, however, in reality, engine oscillations and other components of the launch vehicle. Jay doernhach cn it cd tech rio log ies co rporu t ion prott cg i. Since superconductors have no dc resistance, they typically have greater efficiency.
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